Data recovery book by Tarun Tyagi

Data Recovery Book

BPB Publications,

New Delhi, India.

ISBN : 81-7656-922-4

Title of the Book Data Recovery with & without Programming
Author of the Book Tarun Tyagi
Publishers of the Book BPB Publications, New Delhi, India
Number of Pages 540
Size (9.5 x 7.5 x 1.0) Inches
ISBN 81-7656-922-4

Sample Chapters from book DATA RECOVERY WITH AND WITHOUT PROGRAMMING by Author Tarun Tyagi

Table of Contents

PREFACE

Chapter-1 An Overview of Data Recovery

  • Introduction to Data Recovery
  • Understanding Data loss
    • System Crash
      • Human Error
      • Software Corruption
      • Software Malfunction
      • Hardware Error
      • Virus Crash
      • Sabotage
      • Natural Disaster
    • Other types of data loss
      • Loss of one or more partitions
      • Floppy Read Error
      • Deletion of important data
      • Password loss
  • Types and areas of Data Recovery
    • Analyzing a computer before Data Recovery
    • Acceptable recovery period
    • Understanding various costs
      • Downtime Costs
      • Data Recovery Costs
    • User description
    • Defining the requirements
    • Making objectives
  • Some Advices before beginning the Disk troubleshooting or Data Recovery procedure
    • Some tips to Protect your Data
    • Make the Backups
      • Perform surface scanning monthly
      • De-fragment of data weekly
      • Use good antivirus program
      • Get into the habit of keeping your floppy write-protected
      • Do not use pirated games and software

Chapter-2 Introduction of Hard Disks

  • Introduction
  • Components of hard disk
    • Disk Platters and Media
      • Read/Write Heads
        • Head Crash
        • Head Parking
      • Head Sliders, Arms and Actuator
        • Head Sliders
        • Head Arms
        • Head Actuator
      • Spindle Motor
      • Connectors and Jumpers
      • Logic Board
      • Cache and Cache Circuitry
  • Low-level hard disk geometry
  • Formatting
    • Low-Level Formatting
      • Partitioning
      • High-Level Formatting
  • Formatted and Unformatted Storage Capacity

Chapter-3 Logical Approach to Disks and OS

  • BIOS
    • The INT 13H Interface and INT 13H Extensions
      • Int13H Extensions
      • The 2.1 GB limit
      • The 33.8 GB limit
      • ATA Specification for IDE Disks - The 137 GB limit
    • Two and Four Disk BIOS IDE Support
  • Limitations in File Systems
    • FAT12
    • FAT16
    • FAT32
    • NTFS
  • Cluster
  • Cluster Size
  • Logical Structure of a Hard Disk
  • Master Boot Record (MBR) or Master Partition Table (MPT)
  • Master Boot Record Format
    • Partition Table Entry Format
      • Boot Type Indicator Byte
      • Starting Cylinder-Head-Sector Number of the Partition
      • File System Indicator Byte
      • Ending Cylinder-Head-Sector Number of the Partition
      • Relative Sector number of Beginning of the Partition
      • Number of Sectors of the Partition
    • DOS Boot Record (DBR) / DOS Boot Sector
      • Number of Root Directories
      • Total number of Sectors
      • Media Descriptor
      • Number of Sectors of FAT
      • Sectors Per Track (or Sectors Per Head)
      • Hidden Sectors
    • File Allocation Table (FAT)
      • How Windows detects the Improper - Shutdown
    • Root Directory
    • Long File Name (LFN)
    • Data Area (or Files Area)
    • Fragmented and Defragmented Data
    • Identifying the cause of data corruption
      • Boot the system with bootable floppy
        • Verify the MBR Information
        • If MBR is okay, Verify DBR

Chapter-4 Number Systems

  • Introduction
  • Decimal Number System
  • Binary Number System
    • Binary to Decimal number Conversion
    • Decimal to Binary number Conversion
    • Binary Number Formats
      • The Bit
      • The Nibble
      • The Byte
      • The Word
      • The Double Word
  • Octal Number System
    • Binary to Octal Conversion
    • Octal to Binary Conversion
    • Octal to Decimal Conversion
    • Decimal to Octal Conversion
  • Hexadecimal Number System
    • Binary to Hexadecimal Conversion
    • Hexadecimal to Binary Conversion
    • Hexadecimal to Decimal Conversion
    • Decimal to Hexadecimal Conversion
  • ASCII Code
  • Some important number system terms, often used for Data and Data Storage representation
    • Byte
    • Kilobyte
    • Megabyte
    • Gigabyte
    • Terabyte
    • Petabyte
    • Exabyte
    • Zettabyte
    • Yottabyte
  • Common Data Storage Terms

Chapter-5 Introduction of C Programming

  • Introduction
  • Why use C in Data Recovery Programming
  • Let me assume that you know nothing in C
  • Let us start
  • Keywords
  • Compiling the program
  • Printing Numbers
  • Using Variables
  • Numeric Variable Types
    • Initializing Numeric Variables
  • Operators
    • Assignment Operator
    • Mathematical Operators
    • Relational Operators
    • Logical Operators
    • The Comma Operator
  • Something more about printf() and Scanf()
  • Control Statements
    • The if else Statement
    • The switch Statement
    • The break Statement
    • The continue Statement
  • Loops
    • The while Loop
    • The do while Loop
    • The for Loop
    • The goto Statement
  • Pointers
  • Array
    • Character Arrays
    • Accessing the Elements
    • Initializing Array Elements
    • Looping through an Array
    • Multidimensional Arrays
  • Strings
    • Some Common String Functions
    • The strlen Function
    • The strcpy Function
    • The strcmp Function
    • The strcat Function
    • The strtok Function
  • Functions
    • Pass By Value Functions
    • Call-by-reference
    • Dereferencing
  • Memory Allocation in C
    • Reallocating Memory
    • Releasing Memory
  • Structures
    • Structures with Pointer Members in C
    • Structure Initialisers in C
    • Passing Structures to Functions in C
  • Union
    • The union Keyword
    • A practical use of a union in data recovery
  • File Handling in C
    • The File Modes of fopen Function
    • Closing Files
    • Reading Files
    • Writing to Files
  • Command Line Arguments with C
  • Bitwise Manipulators
    • Bitwise AND
    • Bitwise OR
    • Bitwise Exclusive OR
    • Bitwise Compliment
    • Bitwise Shift Left
    • Bitwise Shift Right
  • Functions to Binary–Decimal and Conversions
  • Function for Decimal to Binary conversion
  • Function for Binary to Decimal conversion
  • Debugging and Testing
    • Syntax Errors
    • Logic Errors
  • Testing
    • Some testing principles
    • White Box Testing
    • Black Box Testing
    • Equivalence Classes
    • Boundary Value Analysis
    • Devising a Test Plan

Chapter-6 Introduction to Computer Basics

  • Introduction
  • Basic concepts
    • Central Processor
      • Central Memory
      • CPU Registers
      • Assembler structure
      • Advantages of the Assembler
      • Let me keep my promise
      • Storing and loading the programs
      • Segments
      • Data movement
    • Interruptions
      • Internal Hardware Interruptions
      • External Hardware Interruptions
      • Software Interruptions
  • Int 20H, Terminate process
  • Int 21H, MS-DOS System functions

Chapter-7 Necessary DOS Commands

  • Introduction
  • Brief History
    • Microsoft Disk Operating System
    • (MS-DOS) Version 1.0
    • MS-DOS Version 2.0
    • MS-DOS Version 3.0 to 5.0
    • MS-DOS Version 6.0
    • MS-DOS Version 7.0 (Windows 95)
  • Necessary commands
    • ATTRIB
    • CD (or CHDIR)
    • CHKDSK
    • CLS
    • COMMAND
    • COPY
    • DEBUG
    • COM Extension
    • EXE Extension
    • DEL (or ERASE)
    • DELTREE
    • DOSKEY
    • DIR
    • DISKCOPY
    • EDIT
    • EXIT
    • FC
    • FDISK
    • FIND
    • FORMAT
    • LABEL
    • MD (or MKDIR)
    • MORE
    • MOVE
    • RD (or RMDIR)
    • SCANDISK
    • TYPE
    • XCOPY
  • Specification shortcuts, Wildcards and Redirection
    • Shortcuts
    • Wildcards
    • Redirection
      • >
      • >>
      • <
      • |

Chapter-8 Disk-BIOS Functions and Interrupts Handling With C

  • Introduction
  • biosdisk and _bios_disk Functions
  • diskinfo_t Structure
  • absread and abswrite Functions
  • Interrupt Handling with C
    • SREGS Structure
      • REGS Union
      • BYTEREGS and WORDREGS Structures
      • int86 and int86x Functions
      • segread Function
      • intdos and intdosx Functions
  • How to know the Physical Hard Drive Number
  • Interrupt 13H (INT 13H), ROM BIOS Disk Driver Functions

Chapter-9 Handling Large Hard Disks

  • First of all, let me tell you a Story
  • INT 13H Extensions
  • How to use INT 13H Extensions in C Programming
    • Comments on Coding of the program

Chapter-10 Data Recovery From Corrupted Floppy

  • Why the floppy is not readable
    • How to recover
    • Method – 1
    • Store the boot image of any fresh floppy
      • Making the image of DOS Boot Record of a good floppy
        • Comments on Program coding
      • Pasting the boot image to the first sector of Unreadable floppy
        • Comments on Program coding
      • Let us do it with single program
    • Comments on Program coding
    • Storing the boot Image in HEXADECIMAL Characters to use in our previous Program
    • Comments on coding of the program
    • Method – 2
      • What to do if Method-1 doesn't work
      • Copy all the data of media surface to a single file
        • Comments on Program coding
      • Thinking for the solution of sector(s) reading error
        • Comments on Program coding
      • Paste the Data from the file to the physical surface of fresh floppy
        • Comments on Program coding
      • Thinking for Logical Recovery for Deleted or lost Data
        • Comments on coding
        • Comments on coding
        • Comments on coding

Chapter-11 Making Backups

  • Why Backups
  • When and what to Back up
  • Backup of MBR (Master Boot Record) and its use
    • Why Backup MBR
    • What Can Be Recovered with the Backup of MBR
    • Writing the Program to make Backup of MBR
      • Comments on Program coding
    • Program to Restore the MBR from Backup
      • Comments on Program coding
  • Backup of DBR (DOS Boot Record) and its use
    • Why Backup DBR
    • What can be recovered with the Backup of DBR?
    • Programs for Making and Restoring Backups of DBR
  • Complete Disk Imaging
    • Writing the program for complete disk imaging
      • Comments on Coding
      • Comments on Coding

Chapter-12 Reading and Modifying MBR with Programming

  • Master Boot Record (MBR) or Master Partition Table (MPT)
  • Master boot record format
  • Partition Table Entry Format
  • Writing program to read the partition table of MBR
    • Comments on coding
  • Program to find all logical partitions and their information
    • Comments on coding
    • Comments on coding
  • Modify MBR by Programming
    • Comments on coding

Chapter-13 Reading and Modifying DBR with Programming

  • DOS Boot Record (DBR) / DOS Boot Sector
  • Reading DBR of Floppy and Small Volumes
  • Reading the DBR of Large Volumes
  • How to Recover DBR with Programming
    • Comments on coding

Chapter-14 Programming for "Raw File" Recovery

  • Raw File Recovery
  • Headers and footers of some important file types
  • Writing a program for Raw File Recovery
    • Comments on coding
  • INT 10H, function 01H - Set Cursor Type

Chapter-15 Programming for Data Wipers

  • Introduction
  • When the data becomes completely unrecoverable
  • Why data wiping is so important
  • Writing program for Non - Destructive data wiper
    • Comments on logic and the coding of the program
  • Writing program for Destructive Data Wiper
    • Comments on coding
  • Wiping Data Area of specific file
    • Comments on logic and coding of program

Chapter-16 Developing more Utilities for Disks

  • Introduction
  • Hiding Partitions
  • How the partition becomes hidden
    • Writing program to hide partition
    • Comments on coding
    • Writing program to Unhide the Partition
    • Comments on Program
    • Writing program to delete Partition
    • Comments on program
  • Formatting "Track 0 Bad" floppy
    • Writing the Disk Editing Tool

APPENDIX

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